Intensifying and combustion chamber for incinerators



G. F. LENK INTENSIFYING AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR INCINBRATORS Filed Au. 1. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 w. IT S Ill/Illl/I/I/I i I l I I I I J1. W

Nov. 17,1925. 1,561,734

G. F. LENK INTENSIFYING AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR INCINERATORS Filed Aug. 1, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2% Nov. 17-, 1925- 3 7 G. F. LENK INTENSIFYING AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR INCINERATORS Filed Aug. 1. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheetv a 5 0 F t 7//// M n d \W M H z m m W2 m m mnmw 5 A w fl 7 M Z 2 w fly a 2% j L 0 w KM: w /4 F M INTENSIFYING AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR INCINERATORS Filed Aug. 1. 192 4 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 -FLe/Ib Patented Nov. 17, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUS F. LENK, 0F DALLAS, TEXAS.

Application filed August 1, 1924. Serial No. 729,651.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Gus FyLnnn, citizen of the United States of America, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Intensitying and Combustion Chambers for Incinerators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in intensifying and combustion chambers for incinerators.

The object of the invention is to provide in combination with a burning chamber, an intensifying or superheating chamber re oeiving the products from the burning chamber and intensifying or raising the temperaturethereof to further promote the combustion of gases and matter, thereby making for consumption and the elimination of odors; in combination with a combustion chamber receiving the products from the intensifying chamber.

A further object is to provide a combustion chamber interposed between the intensifying chamber and the smoke stack, which acts to combust any products which may escape from the intensifying chamber.

Another object is'to provide means for supplying fresh air to the combustion chamber, whereby oxygen is introduced and gases which have not been combusted are subjected to a further incineration.

A still further object is to provide a pair of auxiliary chambers connected at one end to a burning chamber and having an outlet at the other end, and connected by atrans- Verse opening, whereby circulationof the products in each chamber is effected and more complete combustion is had.

Another object isto provide a final combustion chamber having a restricted outlet near its bottom and means for introducing oxygen above said outlet, whereby combustion, agitation and circulation of-the products is promoted. i i a A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described toj gether with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of'the followingspeci fication and by reference to the accompanying drawings, nwhich an example of the invention is shown, and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of an inciner ator constructed in accordance with myinvention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view above the floor line, i

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical sectional View taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse vertical sectional view taken on the line 44 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 55 of Fig. 3, I

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 7, and

Fig. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken above the grate line.

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates a base upon which a front wall 11, an end wall 12, a rear wall 13 and an end 14 are erected. These walls and the base are suitably constructed in accordance with inciner ator engineering. The rectangular structure formed by these parts is comparatively shallow from front to rear in proportion to its length between the end walls.

A floor 15 is supported at the upper ends of the wall and is composed of a concrete mixture reinforced by I-beams 16 extending at right angles to each other and having their ends supported in the walls. The incinerator is charged through hoppers from the floor. A vertical division wall 17 adjacent the wall 14; divides the interior of the incinerator, the greater portion, about four-fifths more or less, lying to the right and constituting a main or buring chamber.

Within the burning chamber and under the hoppers is an evaporating and drying table 18 inclined downwardly from the rear wall and having its front end supported above the base 10 on a vertical wall 19. This table is arched over a fine or tunnel 20 extending parallel to the rear wall 13 and behind the wall 19. The bottom of the tun-- nel is formed by the base 10. As will be hereinafter explained the hot gases and an currents escaping from the burning chamber pass through said tunnel, thus heating the table from the underside. t

The burning chamber is divided by transverse vertical bafile walls 21 extending from the base 10 to the roof and from the front wall 11 to the wall 19 and the front edge of the table. Between the walls 21 and on each side thereof, are fire grates 22 of any suitable type. These grates are supported by the walls ll, 12, 17, 19 and 21 above the base 10 and about midway the height of the front or the table 18. Ash pits 23 are formed below the fire grates.

Above the grates 22 are suspension grates 24 located in a plane approximately flush to the front edge of the table, but subject to variation. These grates may be of the water circulating type and form the subject matter of a copending application Ser. No. 729,652. The suspension grates are much more open than the fire grates and have spaces'i or small articles and pieces to drop through. The purpose or the suspension grates is to elevate above the main fire, carcasses, and other slow burning matter, whereby it will be partially consumed and disintegrated before dropping through to the fire grates.

Each battle wall has a central opening 25 extending from a point between the grates 22 and 24-. to the root or the burning chamber. A similar but larger opening 26 is provided in the wall 17 for the escape oi the products. It will be seen that the air currents and fiames'will pass through the openings 25 in the batlle walls above the grates 22 and above and below the grates 24:, thus thoroughly igniting and burning the matter deposited on said grates. The flames, currents and gases will be drawn toward the opening 26 and at this point the fire will be most intense, providing a cutoff fire through which all products must pass.

Between the division wall 17 and the end wall 14 T form an intensifying chamber 27 and a combustion chamber 28 through which the products escaping from the opening 26, pass to the tunnel 20. The base 10 forms the floors oi these latter chambers and is below the opening 26. The chamber 27 is at the front of the incinerator and is separated from the chamber 28 by a partition 29 extending from the base 10 to the arched root 30 between the walls 14 and 17. The

' partition has an arched opening 31. Access through to the chamber 27 is had by doors and 33 in the front wall, matter being introduced through the upper door and ashes removed through the lower I door 32. The opening 31 has a replaceable memes The currents and gases passing through the opening 31 enter the combustion chamber 28. This chamber issuppliedwith fresh air by a duct 35 extending through the front wall 11 and the end wall 1% and discharg ing into said chamber. If the gases and currents are not completely cremated when reaching the chamber 28,- the injection of oxygen from the duct 35 will tend to complete the combustion of the gases and elimination of odors. An opening 36 provides an entrance to the tunnel 20 and a grille 37 built of fire resisting clay or the like, is placed in this opening. The currents and gases after circulating in' the chamber 28 are drawn down through the grille into the tunnel.

The grille serves not only to prevent the passage of unconsumed matter into the tunnel, but also acts'to spread and agitate any smoke, odors or gases which may pass therethrough. The hot currents passing through the tunnel under the table 18'will adequately heat the same.- Also any products escaping into the tunnel will be subjected to' a final combustion, so that any odors escaping from the chamber 28 are given final treatment in the tunnel. The tunnel is suitably connected with a smoke stack 38.

The consuming of metal cans and articles in the chamber 27 is avery important feature, because of the utilization of the heat given off and the disposition or said cans and articles. Ordinarily at incinerator plants these cans and articles are raked out of the incinerator and must be hauled off to a dump, which is both expensive and la borious. The cans and articles when removed from the burning chamber are red hot and are immediately introduced into the chamber 27 through the door 33. The heat in the chamber is most intense and the cans and articles are heated to a higher dcgree, whereby oxidation takes place, and they are reduced to ashes, which may be removed through the door 32. The pile of metal articles absorb and radiate heat, thus thoroughly burningthe gases and dissipating odors This pile of hot metal has another advantage when in the chamber 27, because when the charging hoppers are opened, and cold air is admitted, the pile of metal will oflset the cooling. effect, par ticularly in the passage of cold air to the tunnel 20. 7 i

In operating the incinerator a fire is first started on the grates 22in any suitable manner. Incinerators of this type are usually built inhouses and an approach (not shown) leads up to the floor 15. The truck or wagon is driven onto the floors 1 5and after the hoppers are opened the charge of garbage andtrash is dumped and pushed through the said hoppers into the incinra tor.

The incinerator having become hot by the products of combustion passing through tunnel 20 whereby the table 18 is heated, the garbage falling upon said table, will be dried. Owing to the inclination of the table the garbage will slide down the same, or it may be raked onto the suspension grates 24. These grates 24: being widely spaced will permit the small pieces to fall through, but larger material, such as carcasses, large rags, etc., will be held in suspension and maybe scattered so as to be dried and more readily consumed. The fire burning on the grates 22 and the material ignited on the grates 24, as well as the table 18, makes for eificient burning.

The flames and gases will pass through the openings 25 in the battle 21 and will whip around the rear ends of said baflie walls over the table 18. The opening 26 in the division wall 17 provides a passage for the draft which ulls the flames of the fire toward said opening where they concen- 'trate. All gases, odors and smoke must pass through the concentrated flames at the outlet 26. A very high temperature is maintained in the main burning chamber and practically all of the matter will be consumed therein.

However the air currents passing from the main chamber through the opening 26 will reach a higher temperature in the super-heating chamber 27. To maintain this high temperature in said chamber, noncombustible matter, such as tin cans and other kinds of metal, after being raked from the grates 22 are introduced in the chamber 27 through the door 33. Such matter will absorb and hold the heat from the flames entering through the opening 26. Thls matter will become oxidized and crumble to ashes. Should any odors, smoke or gases not be consumed in passing through the fire at the opening 26, such will be subjected to combustion in the chamber 27 The currents will rise to the arched top 46 of this chamber and be given a whirling motion before passing through the opening 31. j

The chamber 28 is supplied with fresh air through the duct 35 and the oxygen thus fed into this combustion chamber will assist in causing a complete combustion of products passing through the opening 31. Any unconsumecl matter entering the chamber 28 will be arrested by the grille 37 which will also scatter and agitate the odors and gases entering the tunnel 20. The stack 38 will create a draft through the tunnel whereby the products will be accelerated. The products passing through the tunnel will thoroughly heat the table 18 and in b so passing will be deprived of any odors which may have escaped from the chamber 28.

Various changes in the size and shape of the difl'erent parts, as well as modifications and alterations may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, is:

1. In an incinerator, the combination with a burning chamber, of an intensifying cham ber having its forward portion connected with the burning chamber, a pair of superposed doors in the front wall of the intensitying chamber, a combustion chamber in rear of the intensifying chamber, a transverse partition separating the last two chambers and having a restricted opening, an outlet leading from the combustion chamber, and an arched roof extending over the intensifying and combustion chambers above the inlet and outlet thereof and above the opening in the partition wall.

2. .In an incinerator, the combination with a burning chamber, of an intensifying chamber adjacent and parallel to one side of the burning chamber, one side of the intensifying chamber being connected with the front portion of the burning chamber by an opening, a combustion chamber in rear of the intensifying chamber, and a partition wall between the intensifying and the combustion chambers having a restricted opening therein, the roof of the intensifying chamber extending above the opening from the burning chamber and the restricted opening to the combustion chamber, whereby the products escaping from the burning chamber into the intensifyin chamber are retarded in their passage and caused to whirl above said openings.

3. In an incinerator, the combination with a buring chamber, of an intensifying chamber adjacent and parallel to one side of the burning chamber, one side of the intensifying chamber being connected with the front portion of the burning chamber by an opening, a combustion chamber in rear of the in tensifying chamber, a partition wall between the intensifying and the combustion chambers having a restricted opening therein, the roof of the intensifying chamber extending above the opening from the burning chamber and the restricted opening to the combnstion chamber, whereby the products escaping from the burning chamber into the intensifying chamber are retarded in their passage and caused to whirl above said openings, a. tunnel leading from one side of the combustion chamber under the burning chamber, and a grille at the entrance to the tunnel.

4. In an incinerator. the combination with. a burning chamber. of an intensifying ch amber adjacent and parallel to one side of the urning chamber, one side of the intensifying chamber being connected with the front portion of the burning chamber by an opening, a combustion chamber in rear of the intensifying chamber, a partition wall between the intensifying and the combusto the intensifying chamber are retarded in (ion chambers having a restricted opening their passage and caused to Whirl above Said therein, the roof of the intensifying chamber openings, and a fresh air duct leading into 0 extending above the opening from the burn the combustion chamber.

ing chamber and the restricted opening to In testimony* whereof I afix'mysignature. the combustion chamber, whereby the products escaping from the burning chamber in- GUS F. LENK. 

